EPISTIMOLOGI, PENGETAHUAN, METODE ILMIAH DAN STRUKTUR PENGETAHUAN ILMIAH

Abstract

This article discusses the concept of epistemology, the distinction between ordinary and scientific knowledge, and the structure of scientific knowledge within the context of the scientific method. Epistemology, which studies the nature of knowledge, includes the views of philosophers such as Heraclitus, Parmenides, John Locke, and Emmanuel Kant on the sources and validity of knowledge. The article also examines various types of knowledge, including scientific, philosophical, and theological knowledge, with a focus on the scientific method as a systematic procedure for acquiring knowledge. The discussion covers different scientific methods, such as observation, experimentation, and statistics, and how the structure of scientific knowledge functions to explain, predict, and control natural phenomena. The aim of this article is to provide a deeper understanding of epistemology and scientific methodology in the context of knowledge and the development of science.